Yii - 使用 Cookie

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  简述

  Cookies 允许跨请求保存数据。在 PHP 中，您可以通过$_COOKIE变量访问它们。Yii 将 cookie 表示为 yii \web\Cookie类的一个对象。在本章中，我们将介绍几种读取 cookie 的方法。

  第 1 步- 在SiteController中创建一个actionReadCookies方法。

  
  public function actionReadCookies() { 
     // get cookies from the "request" component 
     $cookies = Yii::$app->request->cookies; 
     // get the "language" cookie value 
     // if the cookie does not exist, return "ru" as the default value 
     $language = $cookies->getValue('language', 'ru'); 
     // an alternative way of getting the "language" cookie value 
     if (($cookie = $cookies->get('language')) !== null) { 
        $language = $cookie->value; 
     } 
     // you may also use $cookies like an array 
     if (isset($cookies['language'])) { 
        $language = $cookies['language']->value; 
     } 
     // check if there is a "language" cookie 
     if ($cookies->has('language')) echo "Current language: $language"; 
  }
  

  第 2 步- 要查看发送 cookie 的实际效果，请在SiteController中创建一个名为actionSendCookies的方法。

  
  public function actionSendCookies() { 
     // get cookies from the "response" component 
     $cookies = Yii::$app->response->cookies; 
     // add a new cookie to the response to be sent 
     $cookies->add(new \yii\web\Cookie([ 
        'name' => 'language', 
        'value' => 'ru-RU', 
     ])); 
     $cookies->add(new \yii\web\Cookie([
        'name' => 'username', 
        'value' => 'John', 
     ])); 
     $cookies->add(new \yii\web\Cookie([ 
        'name' => 'country', 
        'value' => 'USA', 
     ])); 
  } 
  

  第 3 步- 现在，如果您访问http://localhost:8080/index.php?r=site/send-cookies，您会注意到 cookie 保存在浏览器中。

  

  在 Yii 中，默认启用 cookie 验证。它可以保护 cookie 在客户端不被修改。config/web.php 文件中的哈希字符串对每个 cookie 进行签名。

  
  <?php 
     $params = require(__DIR__ . '/params.php'); 
     $config = [ 
        'id' => 'basic', 
        'basePath' => dirname(__DIR__), 
        'bootstrap' => ['log'], 
        'components' => [ 
           'request' => [ 
              // !!! insert a secret key in the following (if it is empty) - this is 
              //required by cookie validation 
              'cookieValidationKey' => 'ymoaYrebZHa8gURuolioHGlK8fLXCKjO', 
           ], 
           'cache' => [ 
              'class' => 'yii\caching\FileCache', 
           ], 
           'user' => [ 
              'identityClass' => 'app\models\User', 
              'enableAutoLogin' => true, 
           ], 
           'errorHandler' => [ 
              'errorAction' => 'site/error', 
           ], 
           'mailer' => [ 
              'class' => 'yii\swiftmailer\Mailer', 
              // send all mails to a file by default. You have to set 
              // 'useFileTransport' to false and configure a transport 
              // for the mailer to send real emails. 
              'useFileTransport' => true, 
           ], 
           'log' => [ 
              'traceLevel' => YII_DEBUG ? 3 : 0, 
              'targets' => [ 
                 [ 
                    'class' => 'yii\log\FileTarget', 
                       'levels' => ['error', 'warning'], 
                  ], 
              ], 
           ], 
           'urlManager' => [ 
              //'showScriptName' => false, 
              //'enablePrettyUrl' => true, 
              //'enableStrictParsing' => true, 
              //'suffix' => '/' 
           ], 
           'db' => require(__DIR__ . '/db.php'), 
        ], 
        'modules' => [ 
           'hello' => [ 
              'class' => 'app\modules\hello\Hello', 
           ], 
        ], 
        'params' => $params,
     ]; 
     if (YII_ENV_DEV) { 
        // configuration adjustments for 'dev' environment 
        $config['bootstrap'][] = 'debug'; 
        $config['modules']['debug'] = [ 
           'class' => 'yii\debug\Module', 
        ]; 
        $config['bootstrap'][] = 'gii'; 
        $config['modules']['gii'] = [ 
           'class' => 'yii\gii\Module', 
        ]; 
     } 
     return $config; 
  ?>
  

  您可以通过将yii\web\Request::$enableCookieValidation属性设置为false来禁用 cookie 验证。